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Diagram of general gain extrapolation setup showing the pair of antennas, i and j separated by distance, d. The paths traveled by the direct wave (solid line) and 3rd-order scattered wave (dotted line) are shown.

Radio Frequency Antenna Gain Measuring Apparatus and Measuring Gain of an Antenna

NIST Inventors
Josh Gordon and Benjamin Moser
This invention is an enhanced three-antenna gain extrapolation technique that allows one to determine absolute antenna gain with significantly fewer data points, as few as 10 data points, and at much closer distances, as much as six times closer than the traditional gain extrapolation technique, yet
Description of Patent 11,165,505

Quantum Atomic Receiving Antenna and Quantum Sensing of Radiofrequency Radiation

NIST Inventors
Josh Gordon and Christopher L. Holloway
A quantum atomic receiving antenna includes: a probe laser; a coupling laser; an atomic vapor cell that includes: a spherically shaped or parallelepiped-shaped atomic vapor space and Rydberg antenna atoms. These undergo a radiofrequency Rydberg transition to produce quantum antenna light from probe
Block diagram of the Rydberg atom "mixer". The Rydberg atoms separate the difference frequency (IF) from two RF signals (LO and SIG). This demodulated signal is carried in the probe laser.

Rydberg Atom Mixer and Determining Phase of Modulated Carrier Radiation

NIST Inventors
Josh Gordon , Christopher L. Holloway and Matt Simons
A Rydberg atom mixer determines a phase of modulated carrier radiation and includes: a reference radiofrequency source for reference radiofrequency radiation; a modulated carrier source for modulated carrier radiation; a vapor cell to contain gas atoms and that receives reference radiofrequency
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